Second-hand Reading

William Kentridge, 2013

Artwork
An image of a book opened with an animation of a man in black sketch style mid walk on one page and on the other a thick black ampersand

Poetic figures, phrases, abstractions and landscapes surface across printed pages, dissolving, jumping and morphing as they turn. Through charcoal, ink and watercolour, South African artist William Kentridge transforms the pages of Cassell’s Cyclopædia of Mechanics (1914) and the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (1936) into flip-book animation.

In apartheid South Africa, systems of knowledge were shaped by colonial power and racial hierarchy. Dictionaries and encyclopaedias carried that authority, presenting language as neutral while reinforcing exclusion. By drawing over them, Kentridge changes what the words seem to mean. He shows that language isn’t fixed. It shifts over time and carries ideas from the past.

Kentridge chose a piano and vocal score by Neo Muyanga featuring a Sesotho funeral hymn written in response to the 2012 Marikana massacre, when police killed 34 striking mine workers. The music brings grief, protest and labour struggle into the film, connecting these older printed texts to more recent histories of violence and inequality in South Africa.

Related works

Content notification

Our collection comprises over 40,000 moving image works, acquired and catalogued between the 1940s and early 2000s. As a result, some items may reflect outdated, offensive and possibly harmful views and opinions. ACMI is working to identify and redress such usages.

Learn more about our collection and our collection policy here. If you come across harmful content on our website that you would like to report, let us know.

Collection

In ACMI's collection

Collection metadata

ACMI Identifier

xos-125523

Please note: this archive is an ongoing body of work. Sometimes the credit information (director, year etc) isn’t available so these fields may be left blank; we are progressively filling these in with further research.

Cite this work on Wikipedia

If you would like to cite this item, please use the following template: {{cite web |url=https://acmi.net.au/works/125523--second-hand-reading/ |title=Second-hand Reading |author=Australian Centre for the Moving Image |access-date=22 June 2026 |publisher=Australian Centre for the Moving Image}}